{"id":26819,"date":"2024-08-21T15:34:04","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T12:34:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wifilab.org\/2024\/08\/21\/zakladni-konfigurace-smerovace-cisco-pro-pripojeni-k-internetu\/"},"modified":"2024-10-21T19:06:28","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T16:06:28","slug":"zakladni-konfigurace-smerovace-cisco-pro-pripojeni-k-internetu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wifilab.org\/cs\/2024\/08\/21\/zakladni-konfigurace-smerovace-cisco-pro-pripojeni-k-internetu\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed konfigurace sm\u011brova\u010de Cisco pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k Internetu."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Konfigurace Cisco od specialist\u016f WiFiLab je v\u017edy profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed a kvalitn\u00ed!<\/span><\/h3>\n

Konfigurace Cisco: P\u0159ipojen\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e k internetu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek podrobn\u011b popisuje postup konfigurace sm\u011brova\u010de Cisco 881 pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b k Internetu. V\u0161imn\u011bte si, \u017ee konfigura\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy pro jin\u00e9 modely sm\u011brova\u010d\u016f Cisco, nap\u0159\u00edklad 1841, 2800 a 3825, budou podobn\u00e9, i kdy\u017e se mohou li\u0161it v n\u00e1zvech a \u010d\u00edslov\u00e1n\u00ed rozhran\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Popis sch\u00e9matu zapojen\u00ed<\/h3>\n

V na\u0161em syst\u00e9mu jsou p\u0159\u00edtomny:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • P\u0159ipojen\u00ed k internetu pomoc\u00ed statick\u00e9 adresy IP<\/li>\n
  • V\u00edce po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f v m\u00edstn\u00ed s\u00edti v kancel\u00e1\u0159i<\/li>\n
  • Sm\u011brova\u010d Cisco<\/li>\n
  • P\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d pro organizaci m\u00edstn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem je zajistit p\u0159\u00edstup k internetu pro po\u010d\u00edta\u010de v m\u00edstn\u00ed s\u00edti.<\/p>\n

    Krok 0: Vymaz\u00e1n\u00ed konfigurace sm\u011brova\u010de <\/h3>\n

    Ne\u017e za\u010dnete konfigurovat sm\u011brova\u010d Cisco, mus\u00edte nejprve vymazat spou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed konfiguraci za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Za t\u00edmto \u00fa\u010delem se pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edho kabelu p\u0159ipojte ke konzolov\u00e9mu portu sm\u011brova\u010de a prove\u010fte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy: <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      P\u0159ihlaste se do privilegovan\u00e9ho re\u017eimu (m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nutn\u00e9 zadat p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed jm\u00e9no a heslo):<\/p>\n

      \n
      router> <\/span>enable<\/span><\/span>
      \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n

      Odstran\u011bn\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed konfigurace:<\/p>\n

      \n
      router# write erase<\/span>
      \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n

      Potvr\u010fte odstran\u011bn\u00ed a restartujte sm\u011brova\u010d:<\/p>\n

      \n
      router# reload<\/span>
      \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Po restartu v\u00e1s sm\u011brova\u010d vyzve k zah\u00e1jen\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed konfigurace. Odm\u00edtn\u011bte to: <\/p>\n

      \n
      Would you like to enter the basic configuration dialog (yes<\/span>\/no): no
      \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      Nyn\u00ed v konfiguraci sm\u011brova\u010de z\u016fstanou pouze standardn\u00ed v\u00fdchoz\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce a m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159ej\u00edt k hlavn\u00ed konfiguraci.<\/p>\n

      Krok 1: Konfigurace n\u00e1zvu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed <\/h3>\n

      Nastavte n\u00e1zev sm\u011brova\u010de pro snadnou spr\u00e1vu:<\/p>\n

      \n
      router# conf t<\/span>
      \nrouter<\/span> (config)# hostname R-DELTACONFIG<\/span>
      \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span>(config)#
      \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      Krok 2: Konfigurace rozhran\u00ed <\/h3>\n

      Je t\u0159eba nakonfigurovat dv\u011b rozhran\u00ed: vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozhran\u00ed pro komunikaci s Internetem a vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozhran\u00ed pro m\u00edstn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165. Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozhran\u00ed bude p\u0159ij\u00edmat IP adresy a masky poskytnut\u00e9 poskytovatelem internetu a vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozhran\u00ed bude nakonfigurov\u00e1no pro s\u00ed\u0165 192.168.0.0\/24. <\/p>\n

      P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dejme, \u017ee poskytovatel slu\u017eeb poskytl n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed adresy:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • S\u00ed\u0165: 200.150.100.0<\/li>\n
      • Maska pods\u00edt\u011b: 255.255.255.255.252 (\/30)<\/li>\n
      • V\u00fdchoz\u00ed br\u00e1na: 200.150.100.1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Konfigurace extern\u00edho rozhran\u00ed:<\/p>\n

        \n
        R-DELTACONFIG# conf t<\/span>
        \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# interface Fa 4<\/span>
        \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-if<\/span>)# ip address 200.150.100.2 255.255.255.252<\/span>
        \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-if<\/span>)# no shutdown<\/span>
        \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        ping<\/code>P\u0159ipojte toto rozhran\u00ed sm\u011brova\u010de k za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed poskytovatele internetu a zkontrolujte jeho dostupnost pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu :<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n

          Nejprve zkontrolujte vlastn\u00ed rozhran\u00ed:<\/p>\n

          \n
          R-DELTACONFIG# ping 200.150.100.2<\/span>
          \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n

          Pot\u00e9 zkontrolujte p\u0159\u00edstup k br\u00e1n\u011b poskytovatele internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb:<\/p>\n

          \n
          R-DELTACONFIG# ping 200.150.100.1<\/span>
          \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Pot\u00e9, co se ujist\u00edte, \u017ee je br\u00e1na dostupn\u00e1, p\u0159ejd\u011bte ke konfiguraci intern\u00edho rozhran\u00ed.<\/p>\n

          V s\u00edti LAN se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed adresov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • S\u00ed\u0165: 192.168.0.0<\/li>\n
          • Maska pods\u00edt\u011b: 255.255.255.0<\/li>\n
          • Vnit\u0159n\u00ed adresa sm\u011brova\u010de (br\u00e1ny): 192.168.0.1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Chcete-li nakonfigurovat vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozhran\u00ed, vstupte do re\u017eimu konfigurace virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho rozhran\u00ed Vlan 1 pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu :<\/p>\n

            \n
            R-DELTACONFIG# conf t<\/span>
            \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# interface Vlan 1<\/span>
            \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-if<\/span>)# ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0<\/span>
            \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-if<\/span>)# no shutdown<\/span>
            \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

            Pot\u00e9 virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed rozhran\u00ed p\u0159i\u0159a\u010fte k fyzick\u00e9mu rozhran\u00ed:<\/p>\n

            \n
            R-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# interface Fa 0<\/span>
            \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-if<\/span>)# switchport access vlan 1<\/span>
            \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-if<\/span>)# no shutdown<\/span>
            \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

            ping<\/code>Nyn\u00ed p\u0159ipojte rozhran\u00ed Fa 0 k p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010di, ke kter\u00e9mu jsou p\u0159ipojeny pracovn\u00ed stanice, a zkontrolujte dostupnost rozhran\u00ed sm\u011brova\u010de pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu .<\/p>\n

            Krok 3: Konfigurace vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu ke sm\u011brova\u010di <\/h3>\n

            Ke vzd\u00e1len\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu ke konzole sm\u011brova\u010de m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt protokoly Telnet nebo SSH. Uva\u017eujme o konfiguraci zabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed pomoc\u00ed SSH: <\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n

              Povolte SSH verze 2 a nastavte n\u00e1zev dom\u00e9ny:<\/p>\n

              \n
              R-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# ip ssh version 2<\/span>
              \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# ip domain-name xxx.ru<\/span>
              \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
            2. \n

              Generov\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f RSA:<\/p>\n

              \n
              R-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# crypto key generate rsa<\/span>
              \nHow many bits in the modulus [512<\/span>]: 1024<\/span>
              \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
            3. \n

              Nastavte u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 jm\u00e9no a heslo:<\/p>\n

              \n
              R-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# username admin privilege 15 secret 0 *****<\/span>
              \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
            4. \n

              Povolen\u00ed autorizace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00ed z\u00e1kladny:<\/p>\n

              \n
              R-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config)# line<\/span> vty 0 4<\/span>
              \nR-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-line)# login local<\/span>
              \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
            5. \n

              Nastavte heslo do privilegovan\u00e9ho re\u017eimu:<\/p>\n

              \n
              R-DELTACONFIG<\/span> (config-line)# enable secret 0 *****<\/span>
              \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Nyn\u00ed se m\u016f\u017eete ke sm\u011brova\u010di vzd\u00e1len\u011b p\u0159ipojit pomoc\u00ed programu podporuj\u00edc\u00edho SSH.<\/p>\n

              Krok 4: Konfigurace v\u00fdchoz\u00ed br\u00e1ny <\/h3>\n

              Zadejte v\u00fdchoz\u00ed br\u00e1nu pro sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed paket\u016f do Internetu:<\/p>\n

              \n
              \n
              \n