{"id":27930,"date":"2025-04-08T22:20:03","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T19:20:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wifilab.org\/2025\/04\/08\/nastaveni-2-poskytovatelu-internetu-mikrotik\/"},"modified":"2025-08-05T12:02:54","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T09:02:54","slug":"nastaveni-2-poskytovatelu-internetu-mikrotik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wifilab.org\/cs\/2025\/04\/08\/nastaveni-2-poskytovatelu-internetu-mikrotik\/","title":{"rendered":"Nastaven\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f internetu MikroTik"},"content":{"rendered":"

Propojen\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f internetu MikroTik je efektivn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm z hlediska zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed spolehlivosti internetov\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edho komunika\u010dn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. RouterOS poskytuje flexibiln\u00ed mo\u017enosti pro takov\u00e1 sch\u00e9mata. <\/p>

Pro\u010d pou\u017e\u00edvat <\/strong>2 poskytovatel\u00e9 na Mikrotiku<\/strong><\/h2>

Tato nab\u00eddka m\u00e1 mnoho v\u00fdhod.<\/p>

Hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhody:<\/p>

  • Pokud je prim\u00e1rn\u00ed mo\u017enost do\u010dasn\u011b nedostupn\u00e1, sm\u011brova\u010d automaticky p\u0159epne na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed kan\u00e1l.<\/li>\n\n
  • Oba poskytovatel\u00e9 internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb mohou pracovat sou\u010dasn\u011b a sd\u00edlet z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e mezi p\u0159ipojen\u00edmi.<\/li>\n\n
  • Minimalizuje riziko \u00fapln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k internetu.<\/li>\n\n
  • Mo\u017enost pou\u017e\u00edvat r\u016fzn\u00e9 tarify s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sazbami optimalizuje n\u00e1klady.<\/li><\/ul>

    Podle n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00ed lze snadno nakonfigurovat 2 poskytovatele p\u0159ipojen\u00ed MikroTik a dos\u00e1hnout stabiln\u00edho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k internetu.<\/p>

    \"2<\/figure>

    Jak na to <\/strong>Nastaven\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f internetu MikroTik<\/strong><\/h2>

    Nejprve je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit z\u00e1kladn\u00ed parametry.<\/p>

    Krok 1:<\/p>

    1. P\u0159ejd\u011bte do \u010d\u00e1sti Rozhran\u00ed a zkontrolujte, zda jsou fyzick\u00e9 porty WAN1 a WAN2 spr\u00e1vn\u011b nakonfigurov\u00e1ny. Nap\u0159\u00edklad WAN1 je ether1 a WAN2 je ether2. <\/li>\n\n
    2. Pro lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehlednost p\u0159ejmenujte rozhran\u00ed (nap\u0159. „Internet1“ a „Internet2“).<\/li><\/ol>

      Krok 2:<\/p>

      1. P\u0159ejd\u011bte na IP \u2192 Adresy a p\u0159i\u0159a\u010fte IP adresy jednotliv\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm.<\/li>\n\n
      2. Vhodn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti: WAN1 – 192.168.1.2\/24 nebo WAN2 – 192.168.2.2\/24.<\/li><\/ol>

        Konfigurace 2 poskytovatel\u016f internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb MikroTik vy\u017eaduje p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed statick\u00fdch tras.<\/p>

        P\u0159ejd\u011bte na IP \u2192 Trasy a p\u0159idejte trasy:<\/p>

        • WAN1: Br\u00e1na je IP adresa prim\u00e1rn\u00edho poskytovatele internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb (nap\u0159. 192.168.1.1).<\/li>\n\n
        • WAN2: Br\u00e1na je IP adresa druh\u00e9ho poskytovatele slu\u017eeb (nap\u0159. 192.168.2.1).<\/li><\/ul>

          Vyva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm PCC. V \u010d\u00e1sti IP \u2192 Firewall \u2192 Mangle vytvo\u0159te pravidla pro rozd\u011blen\u00ed provozu mezi ob\u011b linky: <\/p>

          • Protokol. Vyberte mo\u017enost „TCP“ nebo „All“. <\/li>\n\n
          • Akce. Nastavte „mark-connection“ pro p\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed. <\/li><\/ul>

            D\u00e1le je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st kontrolu p\u0159\u00edstupnosti.<\/p>

            P\u0159ejd\u011bte na IP \u2192 Netwatch a prove\u010fte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed kroky:<\/p>

            • Zadejte IP adresu br\u00e1ny ka\u017ed\u00e9ho poskytovatele internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb.<\/li>\n\n
            • Nastavte \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edpad ztr\u00e1ty spojen\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159epnut\u00ed na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed kan\u00e1l.<\/li><\/ul>

              Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 automatick\u00e9ho p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnuje trasy s r\u016fznou prioritou:<\/p>

              • WAN1 – Vzd\u00e1lenost = 1.<\/li>\n\n
              • WAN2 – Vzd\u00e1lenost = 2.<\/li><\/ul>

                To Mikrotiku umo\u017en\u00ed automaticky pou\u017e\u00edt z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed zdroj v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00edho. Nastaven\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f internetu MikroTik je praktick\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uje spolehlivost a optimalizuje v\u00fdkon s\u00edt\u011b. <\/p>

                \"2<\/figure>

                Dal\u0161\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed a filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu u dvou poskytovatel\u016f internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb<\/h2>

                P\u0159ipojen\u00ed MikroTik ISP Option 2 otev\u00edr\u00e1 nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed internetov\u00e9ho provozu. MikroTik umo\u017e\u0148uje pokro\u010dil\u00e1 pravidla firewallu a sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00e1sad: <\/p>

                • Kategorizujte toky: M\u016f\u017eete sm\u011brovat kritick\u00fd provoz (nap\u0159\u00edklad VoIP nebo p\u0159\u00edstup k podnikov\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm) pouze p\u0159es stabiln\u00edho poskytovatele a \u00falohy s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed prioritou p\u0159es druh\u00e9ho poskytovatele.<\/li>\n\n
                • Filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed podle rozsah\u016f IP: V pravidlech mangle je mo\u017en\u00e9 zav\u00e9st filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00farovni pods\u00edt\u011b nebo zem\u011b (GeoIP) a omezit p\u0159\u00edstup pro podez\u0159el\u00e9 adresy na obou rozhran\u00edch.<\/li>\n\n
                • \u0160ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed a VPN: P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed druh\u00e9ho kan\u00e1lu pro pr\u00e1ci zam\u011bstnanc\u016f m\u016f\u017eete vynutit p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu p\u0159es zabezpe\u010den\u00fd tunel (IPSec, L2TP), \u010d\u00edm\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161\u00edte bezpe\u010dnost extern\u00edch p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul>

                  Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality kan\u00e1l\u016f a inteligentn\u00ed p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>

                  D\u00edky dv\u011bma poskytovatel\u016fm p\u0159ipojen\u00ed MikroTik m\u016f\u017eete organizovat inteligentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed provozu ne\u017e jen redundanci:<\/p>

                  • Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality pingu: Pomoc\u00ed skript\u016f Netwatch a Tool \u2192 Ping m\u016f\u017eete analyzovat nejen dostupnost, ale tak\u00e9 latenci, ztr\u00e1tu paket\u016f a nestabilitu p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n
                  • Dynamick\u00e9 sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed: V kombinaci se skriptov\u00e1n\u00edm je mo\u017en\u00e9 realizovat dynamick\u00e9 zm\u011bny trasy v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase. Pokud se nap\u0159\u00edklad zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed ping nebo se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta paket\u016f, MikroTik automaticky p\u0159ekonfiguruje trasy ve prosp\u011bch stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. <\/li>\n\n
                  • QoS a omezen\u00ed na rozhran\u00ed: Nastaven\u00ed limit\u016f rychlosti na ka\u017ed\u00e9m rozhran\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje \u0159\u00eddit vyu\u017eit\u00ed kan\u00e1l\u016f a zabr\u00e1nit p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed stabiln\u00edho provozu v j\u00e1d\u0159e.<\/li><\/ul>

                    Vyu\u017eit\u00ed dvou poskytovatel\u016f k optimalizaci vyu\u017eit\u00ed cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb<\/h2>

                    P\u0159i propojen\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f lze Mikrotik vyu\u017e\u00edt k optimalizaci p\u0159\u00edstupu k extern\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na pro firmy: cloudov\u00e1 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, syst\u00e9my CRM, videokonference, z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>

                    Co lze realizovat:<\/p>

                    • Rozd\u011blen\u00ed provozu podle n\u00e1zvu dom\u00e9ny nebo skupiny IP adres – nap\u0159. Google Workspace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jednoho poskytovatele, Microsoft 365 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jin\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n\n
                    • Up\u0159ednostn\u011bte p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh a velk\u00fdch stahov\u00e1n\u00ed na m\u00e9n\u011b vyt\u00ed\u017een\u00fd kan\u00e1l.<\/li>\n\n
                    • Pomoc\u00ed z\u00e1sad sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete ru\u010dn\u011b sm\u011brovat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed aplikace nebo protokoly (nap\u0159. pomoc\u00ed filtr\u016f layer7<\/code>).<\/li><\/ul>

                      To zvy\u0161uje celkovou rychlost a odezvu aplikac\u00ed a sni\u017euje z\u00e1vislost na jedin\u00e9m kan\u00e1lu pro p\u0159\u00edstup k d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm cloudov\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m.<\/p>

                      Rotace komunika\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f podle pl\u00e1nu nebo zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>

                      V n\u011bkter\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 st\u0159\u00eddat pou\u017eit\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f Mikrotik podle denn\u00ed doby nebo zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. MikroTik umo\u017e\u0148uje takov\u00e9 procesy automatizovat pomoc\u00ed skript\u016f a vestav\u011bn\u00fdch pl\u00e1novac\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f. <\/p>

                      Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed:<\/p>

                      • Nastaven\u00ed skript\u016f pro zm\u011bnu trasy pomoc\u00ed routing table<\/code> v z\u00e1vislosti na \u010dase (nap\u0159. v noci pou\u017e\u00edt levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kan\u00e1l).<\/li>\n\n
                      • Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm interface monitor-traffic<\/code> a dynamick\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed na jin\u00fd kan\u00e1l p\u0159i dosa\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edem nastaven\u00e9 prahov\u00e9 hodnoty.<\/li>\n\n
                      • Automatick\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed napl\u00e1novan\u00fdch \u00faloh pomoc\u00ed str\u00e1nky Scheduler<\/code>.<\/li><\/ul>

                        Tento p\u0159\u00edstup pom\u00e1h\u00e1 \u0161et\u0159it zdroje, flexibiln\u011b \u0159\u00eddit provoz a co nejefektivn\u011bji vyu\u017e\u00edvat mo\u017enosti 2 poskytovatel\u016f internetu Mikrotik.<\/p>

                        \"\"<\/figure>

                        P\u0159\u00edklady pou\u017eit\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f MikroTik v mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch podnic\u00edch<\/h2>

                        Redundance a vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee mezi dv\u011bma poskytovateli jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na pro mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed podniky (SMB), kter\u00fdm zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fd provoz kritick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb:<\/p>

                        • Kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b: Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed hladk\u00e9ho provozu IP telefonie, \u00fa\u010detn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch relac\u00ed a p\u0159ipojen\u00ed VPN.<\/li>\n\n
                        • Obchody a prodejn\u00ed m\u00edsta (POS): Druh\u00fd poskytovatel umo\u017e\u0148uje zajistit provoz pokladen a akvizi\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdpadku hlavn\u00edho provozovatele.<\/li>\n\n
                        • Spole\u010dn\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed a \u0161kolic\u00ed centra: Vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee mezi s\u00edt\u011bmi student\u016f, zam\u011bstnanc\u016f a host\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed stabiln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed i p\u0159i vysok\u00e9m provozu.<\/li><\/ul>

                          Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017eete zav\u00e9st up\u0159ednost\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed a omezit p\u0159\u00edstup ke zdroj\u016fm z\u00e1bavy b\u011bhem pracovn\u00ed doby rozd\u011blen\u00edm z\u00e1sad p\u0159\u00edstupu podle typu p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Propojen\u00ed 2 poskytovatel\u016f internetu MikroTik je efektivn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm z hlediska zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed spolehlivosti internetov\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edho komunika\u010dn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. RouterOS poskytuje flexibiln\u00ed mo\u017enosti pro takov\u00e1 sch\u00e9mata. Pro\u010d pou\u017e\u00edvat 2 poskytovatel\u00e9 na Mikrotiku Tato nab\u00eddka m\u00e1 mnoho v\u00fdhod. Hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhody: Podle n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00ed lze snadno nakonfigurovat 2 poskytovatele p\u0159ipojen\u00ed MikroTik a dos\u00e1hnout stabiln\u00edho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27322,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[169],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27930","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mikrotik-cs"],"yoast_head":"\n2 ISP MikroTik - nastaven\u00ed, n\u00e1vod k pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jak nastavit 2 ISP na Mikrotiku: n\u00e1vod krok za krokem, jak se p\u0159ipojit, nakonfigurovat failover nebo load balancing. 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